Page 27 - Demo

Anxiety and pain related to mandibular block injections252ResultsIn total, 72 patients were eligible to participate. One patient opted out because she did not want to be disturbed. Three patients did not have sufficient understanding of the Dutch language and were, therefore, excluded. One patient did not receive an oral injection and one patient received a different local anesthetic. These patients were also excluded from analyses. A total of 66 patients were included in the study. Of the participants, 34 were male and 32 were female. The male and female participants were approximately the same mean age (mean 30.70 years SD 12.63), t(64)=0.41; p=0.68. Thirteen female patients reported when their last menstruation period started. The independent-samples t-test was used to determine if there was a difference in the mean experienced pain scores between the two female patients in the luteal phase and six female patients in the follicular phase, and a significant difference was found (luteal phase: mean 8.00 SD 0.00 vs. follicular phase: mean 3.67 SD 2.16), t(6)=2.69; p=0.036.Pain and anxiety as a result of injectionThe mean scores of pre-operative injection anxiety, expected injection pain, experienced anxiety, and experienced pain are presented in Table I. The mean score for experienced pain was 3.45 SD 2.17 on an 11-point NRS. The pairedsamples t-test was used to determine the difference between expected and experienced injection pain. The mean expected pain was significantly higher than the experienced pain, t(65)=5.22; p<0.01. The independent-samples t-test showed no significant difference between the experienced pain mean scores from males (mean 2.97 SD 1.83) and females (mean 3.97 SD 2.40), t(64)=-1.90; p=0.06. Nineteen patients (28.8%) expected low injection pain. Only eight patients (12.1%) actually reported high injection pain. Two were males and six were females. Males and females were equally distributed across the low and high pain groups, X2(1)=2.56; p=0.11. A paired-samples t-test showed no significant difference between the pre-operative anxiety and experienced anxiety, t(65)=1.69; p=0.10. The independent-samples t-test showed a significant difference between the mean pre-operative anxiety scores of males (mean 3.76 SD 2.69) and females (mean 5.44 SD 2.70), t(64)=-2.52; p=0.01. Twenty-one (31.8%) patients had