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Normalcranialevolution312INTRODUCTIONDuringthefirstyearsoflifetheinfantcraniumgrowsveryrapidly1Insightintothegrowthanddevelopmentofthenormalcranialshapeisessentialtomonitorcranialdevelopmentdetectabnormalitiesandevaluatethelong-termresultsofcraniosynostosissurgery2ManystudieshavedescribedthedevelopmentofthecranialshapebyreportingdatabaseswithcraniometricsfordifferentagesandpopulationsCraniometricdatacanbemeasureddirectlyonthesubject’sheadusingtwo-dimensional(2D)measurementtoolsorcanbederivedfromplainX-rays3–6Sincetheintroductionofthree-dimensional(3D)imagingnewaccuratemeasurementmethodsfortheevaluationofthecraniumhavebecomeavailableincluding3Dcomputedtomography(CT)andradiation-free3Dstereophotogrammetry17–9Moststudieshowever,havemerelyused3Dimagingtechniques to create a database of 2Dmeasurements Yet these 2Dmeasurementsandratios fail to give an adequate complete and detailed description of the cranialshapeandits3Devolution Theliteraturedescribingacomplete3Devaluationofthe skull during the first months of life is limited2 The aim of this study was to analysethegrowthpatternof thecranialshapeofinfantsduring the first yearsoflifeusing3Dstereophotogrammetryand3D-CTwithadvanced3DevaluationtechniquesThisinsightcouldbeusedtodescribenormalcranialdevelopmentdetectanddiagnosecranialabnormalitiesandevaluatethetreatmentofcraniosynostosisPATIENTSANDMETHODSACQUISITIONANDSUBJECTSAdatabaseof3Dcraniometricswasestablishedusing3DphotographsandCTscansofhealthyinfantsA3Dstereophotogrammetryset-up(3dMDCranial;3dMDAtlantaGAUSA)withafive-podconfigurationwasusedprospectivelyfortheacquisitionof1993DphotographsofhealthyinfantsEthicalapprovalfromtheregionalinstitutionalreviewboardwasobtainedforthisstudy3DPHOTOGRAPHSThe3Dphotographsofhealthyinfantsweretakenatfixedtimeintervals(369121518and24months)Photographswithseverequalityinconsistencieswereexcludedresultinginasetof1463DphotographsFurthermore3Dphotographs