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Chapter 12304Table 2. Study characteristics, type of surgery, evaluation, and outcome. (n = 6)Study (year) Study population Type of surgery Outcome ConclusionAustin & Shupe (1993) (12)Control group: 22 female, 4 maleUnilateral arthroscopy (n=1), unilateral arthroplasty (n=9), bilateral arthroscopy (n=2), bilateral arthroplasty (n=11), bilateral arthroscopy-arthroplasty (n=0), bilateral arthroscopy-arthroplasty with implant (n=4)3 of 26 patients reached a minimum ROM of 40 mm after 8 weeksA significant difference in maximal ROM between both groups was found; however, no significant difference in lateral movement was seenTreatment group: 23 female, 1 maleUnilateral arthroscopy (n=1), unilateral arthroplasty (n=10), bilateral arthroscopy (n=5), bilateral arthroplasty (n=5), bilateral arthroscopy-arthroplasty (n=3), bilateral arthroscopy-arthroplasty with implant (n=0)20 of 24 patients in treatment group reached a minimum of 40 mm ROM after 8 weeksBraun (1987) (13) Control group: 29 female Unilateral disk repair procedures (n=11), unilateral meniscectomy with disk implantation (n=6), bilateral disk repair procedures (n=4), bilateral meniscectomy with disk implantation (n=8)Mean increase of 8.8 mm in ROM; nonsignificant chi-square value for patients with initial MO of ≤30 mmPostoperative physical therapy can lead to a significantly improved ROM compared to patients without this therapy; physical therapy should be applied on a consistent and regular basis to achieve optimal resultsTreatment group: 25 female, 4 maleUnilateral disk repair procedures (n=5), unilateral meniscectomy with disk implantation (n=14), bilateral disk repair procedures (n=3), bilateral meniscectomy with disk implantation (n=7)Mean increase of 11.8 mm in ROM; significant chi-square value for patients with initial MO of ≤30mm; significant reduction in headache pain reported by all patientsCapan et al. (2017) (14)Control group: 15 female; mean age: 32.2 ± 6.0 yearsTMJ condylar discopexy Both groups showed significant improvement in MMO, protrusion, and lateral movements, but a significantly larger evolution in MMO and protrusion was seen in the patient group that received professional physiotherapy; however, no significant difference in lateral movement was foundTreatment group: 15 female, 1 male; mean age: 31 ± 5.9 yearsTMJ condylar discopexyLeandro et al. (2013) (15)Treatment group: 120 female, 180 male; age: range 20-60 yearsTMJ TJR with Biomet/Lorenz system 13 patients showed MMO <25 mm after 6 months; all these patients did not undertake physical therapy; mandibular function showed significant improvement over time, the rate of which was determined by the compliance to the physiotherapy exercises; low function of speech was seen in patients who skipped their jaw opening exercisesAchieving significant improvements in jaw function, speech, and MIO are not only related to the surgical procedure, but also to intense physical therapyOh et al. (2002) (7) Control group: 19 female, 3 male; mean age: 22.95 yearsN/A Physiotherapy has a positive effect on relieving pain and restoring TMJ function after surgeryTreatment group: 20 female, 2 male; mean age: 22.09 yearsN/A Significantly less pain and significantly improved CMI in the treatment group, compared to the control groupRobiony (2011) (16)Treatment group: 2 female, 3 maleTMJ TJR with Biomet/Lorenz system Significant reduction in pain after 1 month, yet MMO <30 mm after injection + physiotherapy: significant improvement MMO + stable result throughout timePhysical therapy performed during the action period of BTX-A allows for elongation of the muscle fibers; BTX-A can help in improving the joint functionAbbreviations: BTX-A, botulin toxin A; MIO, maximal interincisal opening; MO, mouth opening; MMO, maximal mouth opening; ROM, range of motion; TJR, total joint replacement; TMJ, temporomandibular joint.Nikolas de Meurechy NW.indd 304 05-06-2024 10:15