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Postoperative physiotherapy30112and an elaboration of this therapy had to be provided. Although the use of physiotherapy did not have to be the main subject of the study, a comparative approach had to be provided. This could be by a comparative study concept or by providing comparative results. There was no boundary set for age or gender. Because of the relatively scarce amount of literature available, the minimal patient population was set to 2 patients.Table 1: Search terms used per database.Database Search terms HitsPubMed Central (((“Temporomandibular Joint”[MeSH] OR “Temporomandibular Joint”[tiab] OR TMJ[tiab])) AND (“Mandibular Prosthesis”[MeSH] OR “Mandibular Prosthesis”[tiab] OR “Joint Prosthesis”[MeSH] OR “Joint Prosthesis”[tiab] OR “Arthroplasty”[MeSH] OR Arthroplasty[tiab] OR “Total joint replacement”[tiab])) AND (“Postoperative Care”[MeSH] OR “Postoperative Care”[tiab] OR “Physical Therapy Modalities”[MeSH] OR “Physical Therapy Modalities”[tiab] OR “Rehabilitation”[MeSH] OR “Rehabilitation”[tiab] OR “Revalidation”[tiab])102Web of Science TOPIC: (“Postoperative Care” OR “Physical Therap*” OR “Physical Therapy Modalit*” OR Exercis* OR Revalidation OR Rehabilitation) AND TOPIC: (Arthroplast* OR prosthes* OR “Total joint replacement*”) AND TOPIC: (“Temporomandibular Joint” OR TMJ)272Cochrane (“Temporomandibular Joint” OR TMJ) AND (“Postoperative Care” OR “Physical Therapy” OR “Physical Therapy Modality” OR Exercise OR Revalidation OR Rehabilitation) AND (Arthroplasty OR Prosthesis OR “Total Joint Replacement”)21CINAHL (“Temporomandibular Joint” OR TMJ) AND (“Postoperative Care” OR “Physical Therapy” OR “Physical Therapy Modality” OR Exercise OR Revalidation OR Rehabilitation) AND (Arthroplasty OR Prosthesis OR “Total Joint Replacement”)60EMBASE (“Temporomandibular Joint” OR TMJ) AND (“Postoperative Care” OR “Physiotherapy” OR Exercise OR Rehabilitation) AND (“Total Arthroplasty” OR Prosthesis OR Arthroplasty)345Randomized controlled trials (RCTs); non-RCTs; comparative, prospective, and retrospective studies; and case series were included. Case reports were excluded to provide scientific soundness. Systematic reviews concerning postoperative physiotherapy and rehabilitation after TMJ surgery were reviewed to identify possible eligible studies. Only articles written in Dutch, English, German, or French were included and the full text had to be accessible.Study BiasAll included studies were assessed for risk of bias. The risk of bias of nonRCTs and other observational studies, prospective and retrospective, was Nikolas de Meurechy NW.indd 301 05-06-2024 10:15