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Chapter 5154(59.45 mm³) was found in the fossa as well, supporting our statement for the importance of a low Ra and Sa in order to limit surface wear (14,36). In order to evaluate the effect of this finding, a new Shapiro-Wilk test without this sample was performed, finding a Gaussian distribution for the other samples. However, a significant difference in both the Sa (p = 0.0692) and Ra (p= 0.0565) was still found when using an unpaired two sample t-test, indicating a significant increase in Sa and Ra in the uncoated condyles, compared to the coated condylar surface.Table 4: Condylar surface roughness analysis Sample Sa (µm) Sq (µm) Ra (µm) Rt (µm)2177 0.77 0.98 0.16 0.782549 0.61 0.81 0.10 0.813520 0.64 0.83 0.10 0.594249 0.70 0.91 0.10 0.695158 0.64 0.83 0.07 0.098087 0.78 1.02 0.18 0.91Non-implanted DLC 0.58 0.76 0.09 0.531724 2.30 3.38 0.20 1.524246 1.27 1.81 0.20 1.228787 6.91 10.1 0.63 4.650032 0.72 0.91 0.14 0.664248 1.05 1.80 0.26 2.017998 0.86 1.27 0.12 1.034473 3.72 5.05 0.44 2.31Sa = average roughness, the arithmetic mean of the absolute values of the surface departures from the mean plane within the sampling area.Sq = root mean square height, the root mean square value of the surface departures within the sampling area.iles.Ra = average roughness, the arithmetic average of the absolute values of the heights of the assessed profiles.Rt = maximum height of the profile, the vertical distance between the highest and lowest points of the assessed profiles.Ti surface modificationOur in vivo results were also in line with several in vitro experiments, evaluating the amount of wear between DLC-coated Ti as compared to non-coated Ti articulating with UHMWPE, finding a decreased amount of wear in the former group (37–39). While these findings highlight the importance of Ti surface modification in load-bearing surfaces, potential disadvantages have to be evaluated as well. A significant potential Nikolas de Meurechy NW.indd 154 05-06-2024 10:14