Page 18 - Demo

Chapter 1162015; R%u00f8stad et al., 2023). Although care organisations may acknowledge the impact of the use of involuntary care on their clients, reducing it appears to be a challenge due to insufficient awareness among care professionals of the full extent of involuntary care and lack of knowledge on interventions to phase out involuntary care measures (Bj%u00f6rne et al., 2023). To support care organisations in this endeavour and in collaboration between researchers and various care organisations, three methods were developed that aligned with the CCA. The online tool Needs Assessment Framework (NAF; in Dutch %u201cHet Wegingskader%u201d) stimulates care professionals to consider clients%u2019 perspectives on involuntary care when deciding about involuntary care practices (de Boer et al., 2019; Embregts et al., 2019; Hertogh, 2015). The Multi-Disciplinary Expertise Team (MDET) method aims to reduce involuntary care by providing care teams consultation on recording and phasing out of involuntary care measures (Schippers, 2019). The method %u2018With other eyes%u2019 enhances awareness of involuntary care practices among care professionals, through observation in other care homes and reflection on their own care practices (Bekkema et al., 2018; Bekkema et al., 2021).Implementing these methods in care organisations for people with intellectual disabilities poses a significant challenge. Not only do multiple care professionals need to collaborate in implementation processes, they also need to adjust their individual and collective behavioural patterns and habits to effect change (Nilsen et al., 2012). Within intellectual disability care, little is known about %u2018how to implement%u2019 innovations in care organisations. Therefore, this dissertation seeks for a better understanding of %u201cthe black box%u201d of implementation processes in care organisations for people with intellectual disabilities, specifically regarding implementing methods that aim to reduce involuntary care. Additionally, it aims to investigate whether collaborative efforts such as Communities of Practice (Wenger, 1998; Wenger et al., 2002), may contribute to the successful implementation of these type of methods (Ranmuthugala, Plumb, et al., 2011). This introductory chapter starts with a brief exploration of the history and context of intellectual disability care and involuntary care in the Netherlands, followed with an introduction of the three innovations to reduce involuntary care. Then, implementation science in healthcare and specifically in