Page 33 - Epidemiological studies on tuberculosis control and respiratory viruses

Distribution of respiratory viruses by illness severity in adults
6
103
Table 1 (continued). Characteristics of the study population by approximated illness severity
Year of sampling
2011 2012 2013
30 (10%) 158 (54%) 103 (35%)
42 (14%) 138 (47%) 117 (39%)
55 (47%) 34 (29%) 27 (23%)
127 (45%) 88 (31%) 69 (24%)
53 (27%) 64 (32%) 83 (42%)
Asymptomatic Symptomatic
P-value1 0.124
Outpatients
Inpatients
ICU patients
P-value2 <0.001
P-value3 <0.001
HELIUS n (%)*
HELIUS n (%)*
n (%)*
n (%)*
n (%)*
* Unless stated otherwise
Unknown categories in italics were excluded from analysis.
Ethnicity, education, smoking and comorbidities were not recorded for AMC patients.
AMC= Academic Medical Center; CDC = Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; HELIUS= Healthy Life In an Urban Setting; ICU = Intensive care unit; IQR = interquartile range; PCR = polymerase chain reaction
1 Comparison between asymptomatic and symptomatic HELIUS participants
2 Comparison across the three AMC groups (outpatients, Inpatients, ICU)
3 Comparison across all five groups
Chi-squared test or Fisher exact test were used for comparisons, unless stated otherwise.
4 Mann-Whitney U-test
5 Kruskal-Wallis test
6 Levels were coded as:
Never been to school or elementary schooling only 1
Lower vocational or lower secondary schooling 2
Intermediate vocational or intermediate/higher secondary schooling 3
Higher vocational schooling or university 4
7 Comorbidities known to be associated with respiratory infections [ref], and reported by HELIUS participants as being diagnosed by a physician:
Diabetes, asthma, neurological conditions, lung disease, heart disease, blood disorders, liver disorders, metabolic disorders, weakened immune system, and obesity.
Other comorbidities reported by HELIUS participants as being diagnosed by a physician included: chronic fatigue, headache or migraine, psoriasis, eczema, severe bowel disorders, arthrosis, hernia, incontinence, pain in body parts (back, neck, shoulder, elbow, hand, wrist) and chronic muscular pain.
[ref] http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/high_risk.htm