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Alveolar iodine tampon packing reduces postoperative morbidity after third molar surgery614of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands (METC NL52968.018.15 2015_126). All patients were informed about the procedures, postoperative recovery times, and possible complications and signed a detailed consent form. Treatment was started after a full medical and dental history and orthopantomogram, as well as a 3D CT scan if indicated. Surgical procedureAll patients underwent surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars under local anesthesia. All surgeries were performed by one surgeon in a standardized fashion using a similar technique. The patients underwent surgery on only one side at a given appointment, with the second side being operated on after a period of 8 weeks. All patients received a standardized mandibular block injection with additional infiltration of the buccal nerve. The location, temperature, amount of anesthetic fluid (articaine/hydrochloride 40mg with epinephrine .01mg, 1.7-mL syringe Ultracain D-S forte; SanofiAventis, Netherlands BV, Gouda, the Netherlands), and type of needle (27 gauge/.40×35mm) were all standardized according to our hospital’s protocol. A triangular flap was used in all patients; an incision was made from the distobuccal edge of the second molar dropping at a slight oblique angle, curving forward into the mandibular vestibule. The second part of the incision was made from the mandibular ramus to the distobuccal aspect of the second molar. Any bone overlying the crown of the impacted third molar was removed with a round surgical bur. A fissure bur was used to section the tooth. Copious irrigation with sterile saline was performed through rotary instrumentation. Following delivery of the tooth, any dental follicular soft tissue was removed, and the socket thoroughly irrigated with saline. 62 In the experimental condition, a 1 x 2 cm iodine tampon (Opraclean; Lohmann & Rauscher International GmbH &Co. KG, Rengsdorf, Germany) was placed in the surgical site for the intervention. In the control condition, no dressing was placed. The surgical site was closed using Undyed Vicryl Rapide (Ethicon, Somerville, MA, USA). None of the surgical sites were primarily closed. In the control condition, a disposable syringe, the Monoject® Curved 412 Tip Syringe (Tyco/healthcare-Kendall, Mansfield, MA, USA), was used to rinse the wound with a saline solution four times daily. Immediately after surgery, the details of the procedure were recorded, including the duration of surgery in minutes from the time of incision to the insertion of the last suture.