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my late father, Ioannis Samaras, I dedicate a special word of thanks. Yoursupport and enduring influence have been pillars of strength throughoutmy academic journey and life. Your legacies live on in each page of thisdissertation.I am grateful for the kindness of my parents-in-law, Sjan and Jan Willemde Vries. Eelke de Vries, your optimistic cynicism and sense of humour havebeen a ray of light during some of the darkest moments of this journey, and Iam grateful for your positivity and support. To my daughter, Zoë: Thoughyou joined us as this PhD journey was concluding, your arrival has madethe entire endeavor infinitely more rewarding.my late father, Ioannis Samaras, I dedicate a special word of thanks. Yoursupport and enduring influence have been pillars of strength throughoutmy academic journey and life. Your legacies live on in each page of thisdissertation.I am grateful for the kindness of my parents-in-law, Sjan and Jan Willemde Vries. Eelke de Vries, your optimistic cynicism and sense of humour havebeen a ray of light during some of the darkest moments of this journey, and Iam grateful for your positivity and support. To my daughter, Zoë: Thoughyou joined us as this PhD journey was concluding, your arrival has madethe entire endeavor infinitely more rewarding.ContentsChapter 1 A general introduction to emotions as motivationalstates, their perception, and their influence on subsequentaction 7Attraction as a motivational state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Attention toward mate-relevant information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Our emotional state modulates social perception . . . . . . . . . . 9Inter-individual coordination and bond formation . . . . . . . . . . 11Chapter Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12I Attraction modulates attention 13Chapter 2 Attractiveness modulates attention, but does notenhance gaze cueing 15Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Experiment 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Experiment 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Experiment 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Chapter 3 Individual mate preferences differentially modulate immediate and voluntary attention 41Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60II Attraction modulates social cognition 67Chapter 4 Investigating the functional projection hypothesis:A replication of Maner et al. (2005) 69Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Chapter 5 The role of emotion projection, sexual desire, andself-rated attractiveness in the sexual overperception bias 84Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Chapter 6 Can third-party observers detect attraction in others based on subtle nonverbal cues? 99Iliana Samara 17x24.indd 6 08-04-2024 16:34