Page 19 - Demo

GeneralIntroduction171toreconstructa3DimageNextthetextureinformationcapturedbythecolourcameracanbemappedontothereconstructionandafullydetailed3Dimageofthepatientisacquired18Themostimportantadvantagesof3Dstereophotogrammetryarethefastacquisition time(~ 2milliseconds) and the fact that thereisno exposure toionizingradiation19ThereforeitisanappropriateimagingmodalitytostudythecraniaofnewbornpatientsandhealthycontrolsTheimplementationof3Dphotosfordiagnosiswillbeinvestigatedinpart1whilepart4ofthisthesisexplorestheuseof3DphotosforevaluationofsurgicalproceduresVIRTUALSURGICALPLANNINGVirtualsurgicalplanning(VSP)makesitpossibletoexploreasurgicaloutcomebeforeanoperationitselfisperformedBasedonimagingsuchasmagneticresonanceimaging(MRI)orcomputedtomography(CT)scansgenerallycreatedfor diagnosticpurposes thepatient’s anatomy canbereconstructed and visualizedin a 3D environment As thenext step various surgicalprocedures canbe simulatedbasedonthisreconstructionForexamplebyvirtuallymanipulatingthepositionofapatient’smaxilla thesurgeoncansee theeffectof thisdisplacementondentalocclusionand facialprofileIn this way varioussurgicalstrategiescanbeevaluatedinadvanceandthebestsolutionforindividualpatientscanbedetermined20DuringopencranialvaultreconstructionsurgeonsaimtoreconstructanaestheticallyappealingcranialshapewithsufficientvolumeSincetherearemanyoptionsfordissectionandreconstructionafittingsurgicalstrategyisfundamentaltoachievethebestsurgicaloutcomeVirtualsurgicalplanningcanhelpthesurgeonstofindthisoptimalsurgicalstrategyInpart2ofthisthesistheuseofvirtualsurgicalplanningforcraniosynostosispatientswillbeevaluatedanddiscussed3DPRINTINGAlong withpre-operative virtual surgicalplanning an accurate andprecise transferintotheoperationroomaswellasameticulousexecutionofthissurgicalplanisimportanttoachieveanoptimaltreatmentresult3DprintingisatechniquethatcanbeusedtohelpthesurgeontransferringtheVSPdirectlytothepatientsincepatient-specificcuttingguidescanbefabricated21Thebenefitsof3D