Page 124 - Migraine, the heart and the brain

Chapter 7
Prism adaptation test. A total of 132/282 (47%) individuals (49 MA, 44 MO, and 39 controls) participated in the prism goggles adaptation test (Table 4). Accurate goal- directed hand movements towards the target were similar in all three study groups. No signi cant differences between groups in prism-induced hand movement adaptation (primary endpoint; phase ve vs phase two) or movement variability (Figure 2; Table 4) were found. Of 128 participants in the prism adaptation test who also underwent MRI, seven had cerebellar ischaemic lesions, ve of whom had MA. No differences were found between these small sub-groups (Supplemental table).
In the 12 participants with FHM1 the prism-induced hand movement adaptation was greatly reduced compared to the other groups, both with regard to the general adaption (phase ve vs phase two) and mean horizontal shift of task ve (in both cases, four group comparison p<0.001; Table 4).
Table 4. Participant characteristics and outcomes of prism adaptation test.
Controls (n=39)
55 (7) 62% 87% NA
3%
NA NA 2%
3.5 (1.8) 0.9 (3.1)
–4.3 (2.5)
MA (n=49)
58 (8)
78%
94%
14 (15; 1–105)
11%
2% 15% 10%
3.1 (1.6) 1.2 (2.7)
–3.7 (1.8)
MO (n=44)
57 (7)
77%
96%
18 (20; 2–105)
2%
0% 9% 8%
3.6 (1.7) 1.2 (2.6)
–3.9 (2.2)
p value three groups
FHM1 (n = 12)
42 (13) 75% 100%
7 (14; 1–52)
NA
25% 0% 8%
–1.0 (3.4) 0.2 (0.9)
–0.3 (2.1)
p value four groups
Participant characteristics
Mean age (SD)
Female gender
Right-handedness
Mean attacks per year (SD; range)
Cerebellar lesion MRI Medication:
Migraine prophylaxis Triptans
Sedatives
Outcomes prism adaptation
Adaptation in cm (SD)
Mean horizontal shift task 4 in cm (SD)
Mean horizontal shift task 5 in cm (SD)
0.8 0.8
0.8
a < 0.001
0.5
< 0.001
a
Mean horizontal shift task 4; horizontal shift with prism goggles and with feedback. Mean horizontal shift task 5; horizontal shift after prism goggles being removed, negative values indicate leftward shift. Adaptation; de ned as mean x-coordinate task 5 minus mean x-coordinated task 2. aBonferroni post-hoc analysis all <0.001 for FHM1 vs controls, FHM1 vs migraine with aura and FHM1 vs migraine without aura.
MA: migraine with aura; MO: migraine without aura; FHM1: familial hemiplegic migrainetype 1; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; NA: not applicable; SD: standard deviation.
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