Page 119 - Migraine, the heart and the brain

Cerebellar function and ischemic brain lesions in migraine
genetically proven FHM1 were invited as positive controls, 13 of whom (mean age 42 years, range 19–64; 69% female) agreed to participate.
All individuals with migraine were investigated in between attacks (at least two days after a previous and before a next attack). Thus, participants who developed an attack within 48 hours following data collection were retested later. All participants were interviewed on the use of medication, alcohol, or sedatives in the 24 hours prior to examination. Informed consent was obtained according to the Declaration of Helsinki. The Human Research and Review committee at the Leiden University Medical Center approved study procedures.
Neurological examination
All clinical examinations, tests, and data-processing were conducted by HK and IPM, who remained blinded for the individual diagnoses and clinical characteristics of the participants throughout the study (Table 1).
MRI
Whole-brain MR images were acquired using a 1.0T system in Doetinchem (Magnetom Harmony; Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany) and 1.5T scanner in Maastricht (ACS- NT; Philips Medical Systems, Best, The Netherlands). For additional information see supplemental information at the end of this chapter.
Cerebellar tests 7 The cerebellar tests we used assess functions mediated by cerebrocerebellum, spinocerebellum, and vestibulocerebellum. The Purdue pegboard test is a speci c test
of ne motor skills (15), the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, third edition (WAIS-
III) block-design test assesses visuospatial ability to rotate objects mentally (16), the prism adaptation task tests subconscious arm movement learning (17), the eyeblink conditioning task tests acquisition of conditioned responses and learningdependent timing of these responses (18,19) and the body-sway test evaluates balance capabilities (20–22). For additional information on all separate cerebellar tests, see supplemental methods and e-Figure 1 at the end of this chapter.
Statistical analyses
Participants with MA, MO, controls and FHM1 patients were averaged as separate groups and analysed in a comparative fashion off-line. Characteristics and neurological examination dichotomous variables were analysed with Chi square, and
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