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Chapter 6138both on Twitter and on the open Web, that the meaning of nanotechnology in food, given by visualisations in several tweets or URLs, remains mostly stable. I analysed this meaning based on the tone of voice in the accompanying text and the composite image–text storyline. The findings, for example, were of a visualisation depicting a miniature tracking device with GPS capabilities. This visualisation appears in 29 URLs in our dataset, and in 20 of them the text has a negative tone; when an image–text storyline about the technology is narrated (in 15 URLs), it is always about ethical concerns. The stability of the meaning is also reflected in the image–text storylines narrated when multiple storylines coexist in a single URL. These multiple storylines are often of the same tone – positive or negative. In the example of the miniature tracking device, when two image–text storylines are narrated in a single URL (occurs seven times), they are both negative: One storyline is about an ethical concern, and the other is about a health concern.Second type of change in meaning: Cross-platform (Twitter and the open Web) circulation of specific visualisationsIn the online controversy about nanotechnology in food, a group of visualisations circulated on Twitter and the open Web. I found that, in our dataset, visualisations that give meaning to nanotechnology in food do that, on Twitter, almost always using a single image–text storyline, whereas in the open Web, visualisations give meaning by using multiple image–text storylines, which add dimensions to the meaning and make it more nuanced. One example is on Twitter, where a visualisation of a woman farmer in a cereal field gives smart agriculture a meaning of food security and food sustainability, together with its accompanying text. It does so using a single image–text storyline of food security and food sustainability. The same visualisation gives the smart agriculture technology a more nuanced meaning on the open Web, where several image–text storylines are added to the food-security-and-sustainability storyline, advancing agri-food, health care and scientific development.Third type of change in meaning: Circulation across topical contextsStudying visualisations networked to the fracking topic, in Chapter 2, my colleagues and I found that changes occurring, over time, in this visual content create patterns of using visualisations. As the controversy intensified, there is a growing presence of opponents in the visual online controversy, and more data-related visualisations are used in combination with fewer photographs of governmental officials. As Efrat.indd 138 19-09-2023 09:47