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Interoception and Facial Emotion Perception1635of expressions. This indicates that the integration of one%u2019s own physiological feedback in processing other%u2019s emotions seems to differ between individuals, and specifically seems to be reduced with higher autistic trait levels in the general population. Training one%u2019s interoceptive abilities might thus be useful to gain emotional clarity not only about one%u2019s own but also about others%u2019 emotions. The effect of enhancing interoceptive processing with different interventions has already been investigated with varying complexity and on multiple time scales. Priming an interoceptive focus in the general population, for example, has been shown to improve emotion recognition when using a heartbeat counting task (Salamone et al., 2021), but not when using instructions (Bornemann et al., 2012). Addressing interoceptive processing more broadly and on a longer timescale, (brief ) mindfulness interventions have been shown to have a small but significant effect in reducing negative affect in non-clinical and clinically diverse samples (Schumer et al., 2018). For example, online mindfulness interventions have been found to be similarly successful as online cognitive behaviour therapy in reducing anxiety symptoms in some individuals on the autism spectrum (Gaigg et al., 2020). The novel Aligning Dimensions of Interoceptive Experience (ADIE) therapy, which specially focusses on addressing the mismatch between cardiac interoceptive sensibility and accuracy (Quadt et al., 2021), confirms the potential of interoception-based interventions to alleviate anxiety in individuals on the autism spectrum. While the effectiveness of interventions targeting interoception has mainly been investigated in relation to anxiety in autism, interoception also plays a fundamental role in representing the self versus the other (Gao et al., 2019; Palmer & Tsakiris, 2018), including emotional states (Engelen et al., 2023). Given that altered self-other distinction has been linked to social difficulties in autism (Lamm et al., 2016; Lombardo et al., 2010), the usefulness of interoception interventions in strengthening self-other knowledge, including the affective domain, should be examined in future research.The main objective of our study was to get a better understanding of the role of interoception and physiological responses (i.e., facial mimicry) in emotion processing in relation to autistic trait levels. By closely matching the lab study (Experiment 2) to the preceding online study (Experiment 1), we successfully unveiled robust modulations in the associations between some self-report measures and emotion recognition outcomes. Yet, not all findings could be replicated in the lab study, and some novel observations were made. This could be