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Summary2118In long-term care for people with intellectual disabilities, care professionals from diverse backgrounds need to work together to provide integrated care. This may also be true when implementing new methods. A strategy to organise collaboration is a Communities of Practice (CoP), which are networks of professionals with shared interests that facilitate working, learning, and thinking together by exchanging knowledge. This dissertation showed that participants of CoPs appreciated working together concerning implementation of methods that reduce involuntary care.Participants collectively became aware of difficulties and dilemma concerning implementation, critically thought about implementation processes, and designing implementation plans. CoPs with shared goals may enhance implementation in intellectual disability care by facilitating the exchange of knowledge, experiences, and perspectives. However, effectiveness of collaboration in a CoP for implementation of the Needs Assessment Framework was not found. When implementing methods that reduce involuntary care, such as MDET, in various care organisations, components of these methods might be adapted to improve its fit within these contexts. For MDET some major adaptations were made such as limiting consensus processes with care teams concerning the application of involuntary care, and not consistently checking involuntary care recordings. Also, not establishing an independent expert-team was a major adaptation. The results in this dissertation show that adapting methods might lead to less effective outcomes in reducing involuntary care. To conclude, care organisations are constantly striving to reduce involuntary care. The Care and Coercion Act can be effectively implemented in long-term care for clients with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour, despite all its difficulties. Although effectiveness of The Needs Assessment Framework for considering clients%u2019 perspectives on involuntary care and the MDET-method for reducing involuntary care were not demonstrated, working together with multiple care professionals from various organisations in Communities of Practice seemed to be valuable in exchanging knowledge concerning the implementation of such methods and developing implementation plans.