Page 106 - THE DUTCH TALKING TOUCH SCREEN QUESTIONNAIRE
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Chapter 4
data on validity of answers, while at the same time there is no loss of data in comparison to studies without a think-aloud component [21]. This may be an explanation for the considerable difference between the amount of invalid answers found between the two studies.
Except for the problems caused by the use of plain language, using pictures as answer options and showing questions on separate screens without a back function, the problems found in this study were not new or exclusive for the DTTSQ. Problems such as “differences in layman and professional perspective” and “memory issues” are commonly seen in comparable studies and well documented in Tourangeau’s book “The psychology of Survey Response” [23,24,26,28].
Problems Caused by the Use of Plain Language
Four out of 6 respondents that misinterpreted question 1 of the DTTSQ “Do you have pain” mentioned the short and simple formulation of this question as the root of the problem. The formulation of question 1 and the layout of the screen on which it was shown was in line with the “European Easy-to-Read Guidelines” [29]. With the formulation of this question, however, the developers of the questionnaire may not have done enough justice to the complex concept of pain. It may be necessary to provide more detailed background information on the purpose and focus of the question [30]. Considering that understanding spoken language is easier to people than understanding written language [31], it might be recommended to add information by using a voice-over. In this way, information on the purpose and focus of the question and/or answer option(s) can be given without making the reading task more difficult [32].
Problems Caused by the Design of the User Interface
1. Use of Pictures
In addition to plain language, pictures were used to contribute to the comprehensibility of the questionnaire. Respondents’ interpretation of the pictures did not always match the intended meaning by its developer. Optimizing this match by testing the interpretation of newly developed pictures in the target population before they are used in the questionnaire is recommended during the further development of the DTTSQ.
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