Page 64 - Age of onset of disruptive behavior of residentially treated adolescents -Sjoukje de Boer

when the threshold was set at age 12. We determined the interrater reliability (Cohen’s Kappa .79) by calculating the correlation among ratings, independently done by two researchers, on a random subset of the sample (n=11).
Discharge status
Discharge status was determined by the researcher and was based on length of treatment and the way treatment was terminated according to the therapist involved. Intended duration of treatment was at least half a year. This resulted in two groups of patients: those who terminated treatment positively (i.e., termination in accordance with the therapist, and length of treatment ≥ 6 months), and those who terminated treatment negatively (i.e., termination not in accordance with the therapist and/or length of treatment < 6 months).
Treatment outcome
Treatment outcome was measured with the Symptom Checklist Revised (SCL- 90-R; Arrindell & Ettema, 2003), and for a subgroup with the “treatment result” scale of the Satisfaction Questionnaire Residential Youth Care for Parents (TOR-J; Boon et al., 2010).
The SCL-90-R is a standardized self-report questionnaire for the assessment of psychological and related physical problems and is often used in evaluation research (e.g., Arrindell & Ettema, 2003; Arrindell et al., 2003; Boon & Colijn, 2001; Boon & De Boer, 2007; Bruinsma & Boon, 2001; Grünwald & Von Massenbach, 2003). When applied at admission and discharge, change in psychological and physical complaints during treatment can be assessed (e.g., Arrindell et al., 2003; Boon & De Boer, 2007). Originally, the instrument was developed for adult populations. Over the last decades, the instrument has increasingly been applied to adolescent populations as well (Biegel, Brown, Shapiro, & Schubert, 2009; Biskin, Paris, Renaud, Raz, & Zelkowitz, 2011; Boon & Colijn, 2001; McGough & Curry, 1992), including adolescent inpatients with severe behavioral problems (Boon & De Boer, 2007; Bruinsma & Boon, 2001).
Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (not at all) to 4 (extremely) to indicate the severity of the symptom over the past week. The global total score constitutes a Global Severity Index (GSI), which was used in the study to
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