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Panitumumab and chemoradiation for inoperable pancreatic cancer272Translational Relevance Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression is high in pancreatic cancer. Preclinical evidence indicates that EGFR pathway inhibition improves antitumor efficacy of radiotherapy independent of the K-RAS mutation status of a tumor. Preclinical in vivo studies have also shown that EGFR inhibition enhances the radiosensitizing activity of gemcitabine. Panitumumab, a fully human anti-EGFR monoclonal anti- body, increased the antitumor efficacy of gemcitabine in a pancreatic tumor model. In this phase 1 trial, we investigated the maximumtolerated dose (MTD), safety, and activity of panitumumab when combined to gemcitabine-based chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). The addition of panitumumab to gemcitabine- based chemoradiotherapy in LAPC has manageable toxicity and showed first evidence of clinical efficacy. These observations support the further evaluation of this combination in a phase II study.