Page 88 - The autoimmune hypothesis of narcolepsy and its unexplored clinical features M.S. Schinkelshoek

Chapter 5
Table 5.1. Characteristics of narcolepsy type 1 patients. Data indicate mean ± standard deviation.
N
Age (years)
Males (%)
Baseline BMI (kg/m2) Follow-up (years)
Male
Female HLA-DQB1*06:02 + Hypocretin < 110pg/mL
SXB Modafinil
5922
p-value
0.332
0.005
0.070 0.054* 0.152* 0.134* 0.408 0.638
34.5 ± 13.4
38 (64%)
28.6 ± 4.3 2.0 ± 1.7 1.9 ± 1.5 2.2 ± 1.9 56/57 32/35
39.0 ± 19.7
6 (27%)
26.5 ± 5.5 1.2 ± 1.2 0.9 ± 0.7 1.3 ± 1.4 18/19
6/7
BMI = body mass index; SXB = sodium oxybate. P-values result from Student’s t-tests for the difference between treatment groups. * To adjust for multiple testing, p-value <0.05/4 was considered to be significant.
Co-medication
There were no significant differences between the percentages of patients in the SXB and the modafinil group who received no additional medication (p = 0.209) and patients who used antidepressants (p = 0.094). The amount of patients using methylphenidate or dexamphetamine was higher in the SXB group (p = 0.007; Table 5.2).
Table 5.2. Co-medication of narcolepsy type 1 patients. Data indicate number of patients (%). Antidepressants (N SXB-group/N modafinil-group): clomipramine (7/6), venlafaxine (3/0), imipramine (2/1), citalopram (0/1). Median treatment 0.96 years (range 0.25-19 years). P-values result from Student’s t-tests for the difference between treatment groups. SXB = sodium oxybate.
None
Antidepressant Methylphenidate/dexamphetamine
SXB (N = 59)
23 (39.0) 12 (20.3) 24 (40.7)
Modafinil (N = 22)
12 (54.5) 8 (36.4) 2 (9.1)
p-value
0.209 0.167 0.007
86
BMI in NT1 patients is higher than mean BMI in Dutch people above 18 years old
The mean BMI of the patient cohort differed significantly from that of a representative sample of Dutch people above 18 years old. In men, the mean BMI of our study population was significantly higher than the mean BMI of Dutch males above 18 years old (mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) 27.9 ± 0.58 kg/m2 vs 25.3 kg/m2; p < 0.001). Likewise, women in our patient groups had a significantly higher BMI than the average for Dutch women above 18 years old (mean ± SEM 28.2 ± 0.93 kg/m2 vs 25.8 kg/m2; p < 0.001).