Page 137 - Breeding and regulatory opportunities, Renaud

Broccoli crop improvement

Table 4.4 Trait means of plant and head characteristics of 23 broccoli cultivars grown across four pair

combinations of location (Maine/Oregon), season (Fall/Spring) two-years combined and management
system (Conventional/Organic), 2006-2008§§.

Maine
Overall
Spring trait
Horticulture Trait Fall
mean
C SE O SE C SE O SE

3.9
Head Weight (g) 303.9 d 4.6 335.9 e 5.2 203.4 ab 3.8 198.1 a 260.3

0.1 12.1 Head Diameter (cm) 11.6 c 0.1 12.8 e 0.1 12.2 d 0.1 12.0 d

0.8 82.9 Maturity†
76.9 e 0.6
71.7 c 0.4 89.9 f
0.9 92.9 g

0.1 5.3 Head Shape‡
5.4 b 0.1 4.9 a 0.1 5.4 b 0.1 5.4 c

0.1 5.1 Head Surface§
5.2 b 0.1 5.2 a 0.1 4.9 a 0.1 5.0 a

0.1 6.1 Head Color¶
6.6 d 0.1 6.3 c 0.1 5.9 c 0.1 5.7 c

0.1 5.9 Bead Size#
5.2 a 0.1 5.3 de 0.1 6.7 e 0.1 6.5 de

0.1 6.1 Bead Uniformity†† 6.4 e 0.1 6.2 de 0.1 6.0 c 0.1 6.0 c

0.0 8.1 Hollow Stem‡‡
7.9 c 0.2
7.3 b 0.1 8.8 e 0.1 8.4 d

0.3 35.8 Plant Height (cm)
28.7 a 0.3 36.7 b 0.3 39.6 d 0.3 38.4 c

0.1 5.7
Overall Quality§§
5.6 d 0.1
6.0
e
0.1 5.6
d
0.1 5.7
d

Oregon
Overall
Horticulture Trait
Fall
Spring
trait
mean
C SE O SE C SE O SE

Head Weight (g) 4.5
462.5 f 8.3 478.8 f 8.5 212.4 b 3.3 238.7 c 348.1

Head Diameter (cm) 0.1 12.7 14.6 f 0.2 14.8 f 0.2 10.5 a 0.1 10.8 b

Maturity†
0.1 66.7 76.7 e 0.4
75.3 d 0.4
56.5 a 0.1
58.6 a

Head Shape‡
0.1 5.0 4.8 a 0.1 4.7 a 0.1 5.3 b 0.1 5.2 b

Head Surface§
0.1 5.4 5.8 c 0.1 5.2 b 0.1 5.6 c 0.1 5.2 ab

Head Color¶
0.1 5.2 4.8 a 0.1 5.1 ab 0.2 5.4 b 0.1 5.3 b

Bead Size#
0.1 5.8 5.0 a 0.2 5.7 b 0.2 6.3 cd 0.1 6.1 c

Bead Uniformity†† 0.1 5.5 5.1 b 0.2 4.4 a 0.2 6.4 e 0.1 6.0 cd

Hollow Stem‡‡
0.2 6.1 4.3 a 0.2
4.6 a 0.3
7.8 c 0.1
7.6 bc

Plant Height (cm)
0.4 58.9 72.7 g 0.7 70.2 g 1.3 44.6 e 0.4 48.1 f

Overall Quality§§
0.1 4.7
5.2 c 0.1
4.9 bc 0.1
4.6 ab 0.1
4.3 a

†Maturity: days from transplant to harvest (DTH); ‡Head Shape: (1-9 ranking with 1 = lat shape; 9 = high

dome shape); §Head Surface: (1-9 ranking with 1 = very uneven; 9 = smooth head); ¶Head Color: (1-9
ranking with 1 = pale green; 9 = dark green); #Bead Size: (1-9 ranking with 1 = large beads; 9 = small

beads); ††Bead Uniformity: (1-9 ranking with 1 = not uniform; 9 = excellent uniformity); ‡‡Hollow Stem:
(1-9 ranking with 1 = many hollow stem; 9 = no hollow stem); §§Overall quality: (1-9 ranking with 1 =

poor overall performance; 9 = excellent overall performance).

§§ Means followed by the same letter in the same row are not signiicantly diferent at the P < 0.05 level.

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