Page 114 - ART FORM AND MENTAL HEALTH - Ingrid Pénzes

elements was adjusted based on the evaluation. Two new trained raters then independently rated 46 art products from 46 clients in nine mental health settings.
Evaluation + adjustment
Evaluation + adjustment
Operationa- lization
Two trained raters analysed 31 art products
Two new trained raters analysed 60 art products
Two new trained raters analysed 46 art products
Figure 2. Chart showing the procedure followed in study 2.
Art products of clients
In total, 137 art products from 80 clients were included in this study: 31 art products from 9 clients in the first round, 60 art products from 25 clients in the following round, and 46 art products from 46 clients in the final round. Client inclusion criteria included being aged between 18 and 65 years, being able to read and speak Dutch, and having no or minimal experience in making art and art therapy. Clients with psychotic disorders or in manic episodes were excluded. In line with the Declaration of Helsinki, informed consent was obtained from all clients.
The art products in the first two rounds were made as part of regular art therapy assessment, meaning they were of diverse sizes and styles and used diverse two-dimensional art materials like pastel, pencil, or ink. Some of the clients were instructed while making the products, while other art products were made based on the clients’ own choices. The art products in the final round were made with standardized semi-structured instruction that consisted of painting a landscape with acrylic paint on paper of 50 x 40 cm in a 45-minute session. All clients received the same color palette, the same brushes and pencils, and the same instructions from their therapists. The therapists were given paper and video instructions and took part in a telephone meeting to confirm that all their clients would receive the same instructions.
112 | Chapter 5