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220Chapter12Figure13Schematicoverviewof theHTCLighthouse trackingsystemused to track thepositionof theuserandhisinstruments(https//hackadayio/project/160182-hivetracker)ROBOTICASSISTEDSURGERYAnother method that can assist surgeons to operate more efficiently accurately andpreciselyisthesurgicalrobot48Inthescopeofthisthesisroboticassistedsurgerycouldbeused to transfer or execute a VSP and strengthen therelationshipbetweenplanningandsurgeryResearchindicatesthatinspecificcasesroboticassistedsurgeryresultsinlessbloodloss fewercomplicationsshorterhospitalizationsandbettercosmeticresults4950ConsideringOCVRroboticassistancecouldimprovethefollowingstepsduringsurgeryFirst arobotic arm equipped with apencil could draw theplanned osteotomylinesonthepatient’scraniumBecausetherobotcanusethe3DplannedosteotomylinesdirectlyasinputsurgicalguidesorARvisualizationbecomesredundantAprototypeforthisapplicationwasdevelopedbyourgroup51(figure14)Thisimplementationisalogicalfirststepbecauseitisminimallyinvasiveandlow-riskSecondreplacingthepencilwithapiezo-surgicalinstrumentenablestherobottoperformtheosteotomiesdirectlyFromtheplanningCTscantherobotknowstheexactbonethicknessateverypositionandwilltakethisintoaccountwhentheboneiscutormilledAlthoughthisstepishighlyinvasiveanderrorscouldleadtosevereharmtothepatientcorrectusewillresultinstraightandaccurateosteotomylinesandwilleffectuateanoptimalreconstruction
