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Visual and Textual Storylines by Coalitions in a Policy Controversy5931. A single discourse coalition may confirm its storyline through visualization. When confirmation occurs, a discourse coalition strengthens the interpretation of a policy issue. For example, the circulation of the known photograph13 from the documentary film Gasland confirms a storyline of a discourse coalition on environmental risk: that of fracking posing a risk to drinking water (see also below).2. A single discourse coalition may be disintegrated when visualization communicates multiple distinct visual storylines. For example, Uggla (2018) illustrates how using images in EU biodiversity policy brochures develops various, partly conflicting, themes (e.g. ‘humans appreciate and are comforted by nature’ and ‘humans both use and destroy nature’). These various visual themes might contribute to the disintegration of a single discourse coalition that focuses on policy as a means to preserve biodiversity.3. Multiple discourse coalitions may be integrated when visualization communicates a single visual storyline. For example, Doerr (2017) explores how far-right activists from different countries in Europe use cartoon images to create solidarity among publics from a spectrum of groups and countries. This might indicate the integration of different discourse coalitions.4. Multiple discourse coalitions may be polarized when visualization communicates multiple visual storylines that are very different one from another. For example, Clancy and Clancy (2016) illustrate how the dissemination of images via the internet by GMO opponents contributed to a shift away from rationality in the GMO political debate. This might contribute to a polarization between two coalitions, pro- and anti-GMO, in the GMO debate.13 In this article, we do not distinguish between a still camera and a motion picture camera, and we refer to the static images that are combined to create an illusion of motion, as photographs.Efrat.indd 59 19-09-2023 09:47