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Chapter 234Data availabilityThe data that supports the findings of this study are available in the supplementary material of this article. The template that was used for dataextraction is available upon request.ResultsOf a total of 5269 identified records, 208 reports met the inclusion criteria: 186 case studies and 22 observational case-control or cohort studies (see Flow-chart, Supplementary Figure S1). The 208 reports contained individual data of 422 patients with 69 different GNDs. Sex was reported in 395 patients, and 212 (53.7%) were male. The median age at last examination in 362/422 of the patients was 35 (range 0-77) years (for a list of included studies see Supplementary Tables S1 and S2, and for excluded studies Supplementary Table S3).Quality assessmentsThe assessment of study quality for cohort and case-control studies is detailed in Supplementary Tables S4 and S5. Of the twenty-two cohort and case-control studies, fifteen were rated good, six were rated fair and one case-control study was considered to be of poor quality because of a very limited description of aims and methods.Different GNDs that presented with parkinsonismMost patients in the cohort had a monogenic disorder, with more than ten patients, from most to least frequent, reported for each of the following: beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN), cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, Rett syndrome, POLG, SYNJ1, DNAJC6, tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency, Dravet syndrome (SCN1A), neurofibromatosis type I, phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency and spastic paraplegia type 11. Between five and ten patients had juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL), PTRHD1, RAB39B, X-linked parkinsonism with spasticity, Alexander disease, dopa-responsive dystonia-parkinsonism (NR4A2), Fragile-X syndrome or spastic paraplegia type 15 (SPG15). The only copy number variation (CNV) and aneuploid conditions with more than