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Figure 1 Flow chart of the results of the search strategy, describing the reasons for study exclusion.
Records identified through database searching Medline (n =369) Embase (n = 197)
(n =566)
Records screened after duplicates removed (n =441)
Records excluded by abstract
(n =271)
Full-text articles assessed for eligibility
(n =170)
)
Full-text articles excluded (n = 48):
no clinical outcome (n=15) duplicate (n=2)
no full text available (n=23) no RCT (n=2)
≤80% axial SpA (n=6)
Ch
Articles included in qualitative synthesis
(n = 127 articles covering 99 RCTs)
Characteristics of the RCTs
Forty-eight of the 99 RCTs fell in the group of ‘control trials’ and 51 in the group of ‘implementation trials’. A total of 12,261 patients, 94% (n=11,497) of those having a diagnosis of AS and 2% (n= 251) having a diagnosis of non-radiographic axial SpA, were included in the trials. The remaining patients (4%, n=513) had a diagnosis of another rheumatic condition such as another SpA subtype (psoriatic arthritis, undifferentiated SpA and reactive arthritis), rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
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Included Eligibility Screening Identification


































































































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