Page 122 - DECISION-MAKING IN SEVERE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY PATIENT OUTCOME, HOSPITAL COSTS, AND RESEARCH PRACTICE
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Chapter 5
Table 2. Length of stay and in-hospital costs
 Patient category
All patients
Age
N
486
Total LOS
8 ± 13
3± 4 8 ± 15 8 ± 11
*
6 ±8 14 ± 15 15 ± 22 14 ± 20
*
8 ± 13 17 ± 16 5 ±6
10 ± 15* 5 ±8 12 ± 16* 11 ± 17* 10 ± 15 11 ± 16* 9 ± 15* 12 ± 18* 12 ± 15* 12 ± 18*
21 ± 23* 6 ±8 27 ± 28* 6 ± 9 19 ± 21* 28 ± 27* 12 ± 14* 7 ± 13
7± 9 8 ± 13
*
9 ± 13 30 ± 29 8± 8 9 ±8 7 ± 8 7 ± 9 4± 4
ICU LOS
2 ±5
1± 4 2± 5 2± 5
* 1± 3 4± 6 6± 9 6± 8
* 2± 5 8± 11 3± 5
3 ± 6* 0 ±2 3 ± 6* 3 ± 7* 3 ±6 3 ± 6* 3 ± 6* 4 ± 7* 4 ± 7* 5 ± 8*
8 ± 9* 1 ±4 12 ± 9* 1 ± 4 7 ± 9* 11 ± 9* 2 ± 6 2± 5
* 4± 6 2± 5
* 4± 7 7± 9 2± 6 2± 3 1 ± 2 1 ± 5 0 ±1
Non-ICU LOS
6 ± 10
2 ± 2 6 ± 11 7 ± 8
Total costs
11,920; 5,200 (2,780-12,500)
6,100; 2,550 (1,830–6,470) 12,640; 4,560 (2,720-12,630) 11,720; 6,240 (3,070-13,060)
 ≤18
19-64 255
25 ≥65 206
 TBI severity GCS 13-15 GCS 9-12 GCS 3-8 GCS 3-5
Pupil reactivity Both reacting One reacting None reacting
Early CT scan Yes abnormalities No abnormalities
354 43 78 51
423 14 37
263
**
   212 Contusion 139
5 ±6 10 ± 12 9 ± 18 7 ± 17
*
6 ± 10 9 ±7 2 ±5
7 ± 11* 4 ±7 8 ± 13* 8 ± 13* 8 ± 11 8 ± 12* 7 ± 11 8 ± 13 8 ± 12 8 ± 13
13 ± 18* 5 ±7 16 ± 22* 5 ± 7 12 ± 16* 17 ± 21* 10 ± 12* 6 ±9
*
3 ± 6 7 ± 10
*
4 ± 10 23 ± 21 6 ± 6 7 ± 6 7± 7 5 ± 7 4 ± 4
7,800; 3,880 (2,550-8,630) 20,210; 12,480 (5,370-27,220) 26,600; 12,340 (7,730-41,260) 26,350; 12,500 (7,730-42,430)
*
11,270; 4,650 (2,700-12,290) 31,940; 13,600 (5,070-51,490) 13,210; 8,210 (6,220-14,060)
15,780; 8,240 (3,690-15,750)* 6,490; 3,180 (2,350-6,670) 18,060; 9,810 (4,100-21,560)* 17,730; 9,090 (4,130-20,640)* 16,320; 8,240 (3,170-14,060) 16,670; 8,800 (4,210-20,290)* 15,450; 8,190 (3,350-16,560)* 21,000; 10,520 (6,500-26,030)* 21,290; 12,410 (6,810-26,440)* 21,590; 11,840 (6,960-25,230)*
36.870; 26,440 (13,210-48,500)* 7,930; 4,110 (2,600-8,960) 47,260; 41,850 (21,480-63,500)* 8,750; 4,510 (2,640-10,900) 33,200; 21,410 (12,210-42,430)* 49,750; 41,970 (26,400-68,830)* 19,960; 13,900 (10,740-24,630)* 10,680; 4,130 (2,610-10,050)
17,250; 9,020 (6,540-22,550) 11,170; 4,530 (2,640-11,890)
*
18,240; 8,960 (5,860-21,560) 36,190; 17,260 (12,290-48,500) 13,160; 7,940 (2,890-15,700) 13,080; 10,150 (3,840-15,130) 10,480; 5,350 (3,330-13,220) 9,100; 4,010 (2,780-9,550) 5,780; 3,210 (2,310-7,260)
 Traumatic SAH Epidural hematoma(s) Subdural hematoma(s) Skull fracture(s) Compressed basal cisterna Midline shift >5mm Mass lesion >25 cc
Surgical intervention: Intracranial surgery
No intracranial surgery ICP monitoring
No ICP monitoring Craniotomy Decompressive craniectomy Extracranial surgery
No extracranial surgery
In hospital mortality Yes
No
185 47 136 180 88 65 80
67 419 40 446 33 24 65 421
60
  GOSE 6 months
1 73
2/3 17 4 23 5 25
 6 7 8
38 110 131
 Table 2 legends:
Caption: Table 2 shows the length of stay and the in-hospital costs of patients with traumatic brain injury. Legend:
Values are reported as:
Mean ± SD or Mean; Median (IQR 25-75)
*P value <0.05: p values were derived from ANOVA for continuous characteristics. The p value assessed compatibility with the null hypothesis of no differences in mean values between row categories.
Costs were rounded to the nearest ten euros
Favourable and unfavourable were defined as GOSE 5-8 and GOSE 1-4 respectively.
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