Page 40 - Clinical relevance of current materials for cranial implants

Chapter 2
Surgical characteristics
In 94 studies, the time interval between decompressive craniectomy and cranioplasty was reported, ranging from 0 until 336 months, with a mean of 11.4 months. The use of antibiotics was described in 75 studies, of which some used a combination of antibiotics before, during, and/or after surgery. Seventy studies reported the use of a drain. In 26 papers involvement of the frontal sinus was described. Operation time, as reported in 44 studies, varied between 30 minutes and 544 minutes, with a mean of 146.0 minutes (Table 2).
Table 2: Surgery-specific characteristics of the included cranioplasties (n= 10,346)
Parameters
CP material Autologous bone PMMA
Titanium
PEEK Hydroxyapatite Others
Antibiotic Preoperative Peri-operative Post-operative
Drain
Involvement of frontal sinus Operation time (min) Timing CP after DC (months) Manufacturing method
Molding No molding 3D printing 3D molding CAD/CAM Punch
Mentioned in study (%)
65 (28.5) 60 (26.3) 52 (22.8) 20 (8.8) 23 (10.1) 58 (25.4) 75 (32.9) 27 (11.8) 42 (18.4) 50 (21.9) 70 (30.7) 26 (11.4) 44 (19.3) 94 (41.2) 187 (82.0) 20 (8.8) 113 (49.6) 6 (2.6)
20 (8.8) 24 (10.5) 4 (1.8)
Total (%)
10346
3335 (32.2)
1644 (15.9)
1829 (17.7)
250 (2.4)
905 (8.7)
2383 (23.0)
3593
1663 (46.3)
2362 (65.7)
1737 (48.3)
2303 / 3207 (71.8) 198 / 882 (22.4)
7800
560 (7.2) 5856 (75.1) 125 (1.6) 454 (5.8) 452 (5.8) 353 (4.5)
Range
30 - 809 0 - 336
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CP: cranioplasty
PEEK: poly(ether ether ketone)
PMMA: poly(methyl methacrylate)
DC: decompressive craniectomy
CAD/CAM: computer assisted design / computer assisted manufacturing