Page 81 - A bird’s-eye view of recreation - Rogier Pouwels

Effectiveness of scientific tools in decision making processes
pacification (Hanssen et al. 2009). We will identify the requirements of scientific tools for conflict management in the conceptual framework of adaptive management (McCool et al. 2007, Williams et al. 2007) and boundary management (Cash et al. 2003), and will illustrate their importance by drawing upon a recent application in a research project in northwest Europe.
5.2 New recreation management approaches
The recreation–biodiversity conflict is complicated by high levels of uncertainty and lack of consensus among parties about how to combine the conflicting landscape functions in nature areas (Young et al. 2005). To solve this type of conflict, two strategies have been proposed (Hanssen et al. 2009). The first, the pacification strategy, entails conducting research to decrease uncertainties, with the aim of enhancing consensus-building about solutions. The second, the facilitation strategy, entails building consensus about beliefs, ambitions, and directions of solutions before starting research to decrease the uncertainties. Managers can opt for the pacification strategy by following an adaptive management approach, and the facilitation strategy by following a boundary management approach (Fig. 1).
uncertainties of scientific knowledge 5 small high
adaptive management
Figure 1. Managing the recreation–biodiversity conflict with the frameworks of adaptive management and boundary management. Figure modified from Hanssen et al. (2009).
79
consensus about objectives and solutions
small high
boundary management