Page 71 - Advanced echocardiography in characterization and management of patients with secondary mitral regurgitation

Figure 1. (Top row) Patient with severe secondary MR, LVEDV 153 ml, LVEF 38%, EROA 49.93 mm2, and RVol 88 ml/beat. This patient had RVol/EDV ratio ≥20%. (Bottom row) Patient with severe secondary MR, LVEDV 505 ml, LVEF 21%, EROA 19.46 mm2, and RVol 23 ml/beat. This patient had RVol/EDV ratio <20%. EDV = end-diastolic volume; EROA = effective regurgitant orifice area; LVEDV = left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; MR = mitral regurgitation; PISA = proximal isovelocity area; RVol = regurgitant volume.
Statistical analysis
All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows, version 23.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York). A 2-tailed p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Continuous data are presented as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range [IQR]) when not normally distributed. Categorical data are presented as absolute number (percentage). For comparison of continuous data, independent-samples Student’s t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests, as appropriate, were used. For comparison of categorical data, the chi-square test was used. To investigate the relationship between RVol/EDV ratio and all-cause mortality as a continuous variable, spline curve analyses were performed, demonstrating the changes in hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality across the range of RVol/EDV ratio. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to estimate cumulative survival rates for all-cause mortality of patients with RVol/EDV ≥20% and patients with an RVol/EDV <20% and were compared with a log-rank test. The first set of analyses was performed with patients censored at the time of MV interventions, including surgical MV repair, surgical MV replacement, and percutaneous edge-to- edge MV repair with the MitraClip device (Abbott, Chicago, Illinois). Additional survival analyses were performed, including outcomes after MV interventions. To identify the
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