Page 75 - Functional impairment and cues for rehabilitation of head and neck cancer patients -

Table 2 Continued Degree of
dysphagia by SLP
Experienced mouth opening
Xerostomia Taste Olfaction
FOIS
DIGEST
None Mild Moderate Severe Poor
Moderate Fair Good Severe Moderate No Absent Limited Normal Absent Limited Normal
1 (no oral 2
3
4
6 (16) 13 (34) 14 (37) 5 (13) 1 (3)
9 (24) 5 (13) 23 (61) 18 (47) 14 (37) 6 (16) 3 (8) 18 (47) 17 (45) 0 (0) 10 (26) 28 (74)
0 (0)
2 (5)
6 (16)
0 (0)
6 (16)
10 (26)
14 (37)
6 (17)
14 (39)
6 (17)
10 (28)
0 (0)
15 (40)
23 (60)
43 (10-56)
NA
0 (0)
0 (0)
1 (3)
39 (98) 1 (3)
2 (5)
37 (3)
0 (0)
0 (0)
40 (100) 0 (0)
2 (5)
38 (95)
0 (0)
0 (0)
0 (0)
0 (0)
0 (0)
0 (0)
40 (100) NA
NA
54 (36-70)
NA
<.001b
3
Aspiration on VFS
Maximal mouth opening in mm
Median (range)
5
6
7 (normal
0 (no aspiration/residue) 1
2
3
4 (aspiration and residue) No
Yes
diet)
The SPEAD-test to objectify swallowing capacity
Patient group (n = 38) N (%)
Healthy group (n = 40) N (%)
P value
Objective swallowing outcomes
intake)
<.001b <.001b .010b
<.001b
NA
NA <.001a
Abbreviations: DIGEST = Dynamic Imaging Grade for Toxicity, FOIS = functional oral intake scale, NA = not applicable, N = number of participants, SLP = speech language pathologist, SWAL-QOL = Swallowing Quality of Life Questionnaire, VFS = videofluoroscopy.
SPEAD-test
All healthy participants ingested all three consistencies. Based on (silent) aspiration on VFS and daily ingestion of the consistencies, thin liquid was excluded from the test in eight patients (21%), thick liquid in one patient (3%) and solid in ten patients (26%). Fourteen patients were advised not to take thin liquid, of who one patient also was advised not to take thick liquid. Five
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