Page 253 - Balancing between the present and the past

Appendix I: Example cases to promote cognitive conflicts
Appendices
Case #1: Bloodletting
Look at the ancient Greek painting on a vase. The physician is bleeding a patient. Bloodletting is the withdrawal of blood from a person to prevent or cure illness and disease. How could you cure people with these manners?
Link: tinyurl.com/ycfx887l
Case #2: Medieval Marriages
If you were a young female living in Europe in the Middle Ages, it was very normal that the parents arranged your marriage. It was all about gaining economic profit. You did not have any choice. When you reached the age of 12 your marriage could be arranged.
Link: tinyurl.com/y9gwrchm
Case #3: Drinking a Beer
Nowadays you have to be 18 years old to drink a beer in the Netherlands. However, in the Middle Ages even very young Dutch children drank a beer regularly, even at breakfast. Moreover, the average consumption of beer was around 300 litres of beer a year. Did these people not know any better?
Link: tinyurl.com/ya6y3b62
Case #4: The Dutch Trio
Read the descriptions of the lives of Jan Pieterszoon Coen, Joannes van Heutsz, and Michiel de Ruyter. Coen and Van Heutsz murdered many people in the Dutch East Indies and De Ruyter recaptured Fort Elmina in Africa to continue the Dutch slave trade. Do these people earn statues in the Netherlands?
Link: tinyurl.com/y965eujk
Case #5: Bib Hill No1
Look at the picture taken in the beginning of the 20th century. The two children are very young and working barefoot(!) on the spinning machine. These children often had to work all day long and could easily get hurt. Should the owner of the factory not be arrested for putting such young children at work?
Link: tinyurl.com/yaz6ln6j
Case #6: The Swimwear Police
View the picture. The beach patrol was measuring bathing suit length in 1922 in the USA. If the bathing suit was too short, a woman was asked to leave the beach. Is that not ridiculous? Should women not decide for themselves what to wear?
Link: tinyurl.com/y9k6um97
Case #7: Warner Bros Cartoons
View the cartoon (7.09 min) made by Warner Bros in the 1930s. Is this not very racist? Why would somebody make such video’s? Should these videos not be banned?
Link: tinyurl.com/ybkerghu
Case #8: The Gas
This picture was taken at the Empire Pool in London on August 21, 1938. You can see a father, mother, and two children wearing bathing suits but also a gas mask. Are these people crazy? Why would you go swimming wearing a gas mask?
Link: tinyurl.com/y7vjq2tl
Case #9: The Guillotine
Study the picture. You can see the last public execution by the guillotine in 1939 in the French Republic. Do you see the large crowd watching this execution? Can you imagine yourself as one of them?
Link: tinyurl.com/y82zahxg
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