Page 24 - Impact of implant retained overdenture treatment and speech, oromyofunction, social participation and quality of life.

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Chapter 1
sounds 28,33,35,37,38 and the second strategy was the use of perceptual analysis of a certain speech sample 24,25,27,28,34,37,39–41. The speech samples used for the analysis are different in most studies and the use of one or more SLP’s for (consensus) evaluation is not consistent.
This finding is also confirmed by the review of Meira et al. (2021) on speech in implant-supported and removable complete denture wearers. They reveal serious lacks in the research on the influence of complete denture treatment on speech. Out of 2586 studies, only 8 studies (4 paired clinical trials and cross- sectional studies) were considered appropriate for inclusion in the review according to the Joanna Briggs Institute checklists for quasi experimental and cross-sectional studies 42. This checklists evaluate for instance the average interrater reliability coefficient between SLPs and risk of bias. The /s/ sound was the most distorted sound in the first six months of maxillary FID use compared to CD. Studies comparing CD to IOD revealed no significant differences in speech production. None of those studies could lead to a meta-analysis because of inconsistencies in the presentation of data on articulation disorders. Given this information, critical evaluation of the used methods for speech assessment in dental treatment of the existing literature and further research on speech disorders in prosthesis wearers is needed 43.
Oromyofunctional behavior in rehabilitation of the edentulous jaw
There is no consensus in literature about the influence of dental implant treatment on oromyofunctional behavior. Oromyofunctional problems are problems of muscles in the oral area, mostly tongue thrusting, deviate swallowing, mouth breathing and deviate mandibular movement 44.
These are the most important oromyofunctional disorders, underlying possible speech problems. The position of the articulators during these oromyofunctional disorders can be influenced by teeth position and denture placement 44. On the other hand, it is stated that the position of the teeth and alterations in the oral cavity can influence the use of the oral muscles 11. Research of Molly and coworkers (2008) examined in 10 patients with complete edentulous maxillae, rehabilitated with FID (immediate loading). Patients were tested by two groups of SLPs (one expert group and one non-expert group), before surgery, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. The positioning of the lip and tongue at ease and the tongue during swallowing were evaluated. The positioning of the lip and the