Page 53 - Craniomaxillofacial Implant Surgery - Jeroen P.J. Dings

Reliability and accuracy of surgical templates for craniofacial implant placement
Figure 3. Orbital template: frontal view (1), lateral view (2), three-quarter view (3), medial view (4).
Ears, eyes, and noses were removed prior to installation of implants. The (right-handed) surgeon who planned the virtual implants also performed the surgeries. During the implant placement procedure, positioning and fixation of the skin-supported surgical templates purely relied on visual guidance, provided by the soft tissue in contact with the outer linings of the template and digital pressure.
Drilling sequences for the cadaver surgeries simulated the actual clinical setting and were performed using the single-type surgical templates and according to the NobelGuide procedure (Nobel Biocare, Göteborg, Sweden). Standard components as adaptable stainless-steel guide sleeves, to allow proper guidance for the range of drills with increasing diameter, were used during implant installation. Also the implants themselves were template guided inserted and, subsequently, attached to the surgical template using a template abutment. (Guided Template Abutment Branemark System RP; Nobel Biocare AB).
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