Page 75 - Never Too Far Away? The Roles of Social Network Sites in Sojourners’ Adjustment
P. 75
based on the cross-lagged (Model 1b) and the non-lagged (Model 2b) reciprocal path analyses with the control variable included.
Table 2
Unstandardized Parameter Estimates, Standard Errors, and P-values (two-tailed) of the Cross-lagged and Non-lagged Reciprocal Causality Path Analyses
Cross-lagged
Model 1a Model 1b
(with stay)
Paths b SE p b SE p b SE p b SE p
Non-lagged
Model 2a Model 2b
(with stay)
Autoregressive paths FtFhos1 → FtFhos2 FBhos1 → FBhos2 FBhom1 → FBhom2 HS1→ HS2
Adj1 → Adj2 Causal paths FtFhos1 → HS2 FBhos1 → HS2 FBhom1 → HS2 HS1 → FtFhos2
HS1 → FBhos2
HS1 → FBhom2 HS1 → Adj2
Adj1 → HS2 Covariances FtFhos1 – FBhos1 FtFhos1 – FBhom1 FBhos 1 – FBhom1 FtFhos 1 – HS2 FBhos 1 – HS2 FBhom 1 – HS2 HS2 –Adj2 Control variables Stay → FtFhos3 Stay → FBhos3 Stay → FBhom3 Stay → HS3
Stay → Adj3
0.42 0.05 .000 0.49 0.05 .000 0.58 0.05 .000 0.49 0.06 .000 0.75 0.05 .000
0.05 0.06 .352 -0.14 0.06 .021 0.07 0.06 .256 -0.05 0.06 .354 0.04 0.05 .410 0.07 0.05 .168 -0.02 0.05 .730 -0.04 0.06 .545
0.16 0.05 .001 -0.04 0.04 .384 0.20 0.04 .000 -0.02 0.05 .722 0.01 0.04 .785 0.04 0.04 .321 -0.10 0.04 .004
0.42 0.05 .000 0.49 0.05 .000 0.58 0.05 .000 0.49 0.06 .000 0.76 0.05 .000
0.06 0.06 .328 -0.14 0.06 .019 0.07 0.06 .237 -0.05 0.06 .335 0.04 0.05 .411 0.07 0.05 .166 -0.02 0.05 .699 -0.04 0.06 .527
0.16 0.05 .001 -0.04 0.04 .387 0.20 0.04 .000 -0.02 0.05 .732 0.01 0.04 .796 0.04 0.04 .326 -0.10 0.04 .005
0.04 0.08 .580 -7.47e-06 0.07 >.999 -0.01 0.07 .869 -0.06 0.07 .415 0.06 0.06 .316
0.42 0.51 0.59 0.50 0.74
0.15 -0.24 0.09 -0.13 0.16 0.06 -0.09 -0.06
0.14 -0.04 0.20
0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.04
0.10 0.11 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.05 0.07
0.05 0.04 0.04
.000 .000 .000 .000 .000
.138 .026 .324 .148 .047 .407 .080 .435
.003 .377 .000
0.42 .05 .000 0.51 .05 .000 0.59 .05 .000 0.50 .06 .000 0.74 .04 .000
0.15 .09 .136 -0.25 .11 .023 0.10 .09 .303 -0.14 .09 .148 0.16 .08 .046 0.06 .07 .419 -0.09 .05 .081 -0.06 .07 .436
0.14 .05 .003 -0.04 .04 .381 0.20 .04 .000
0.04 0.08 .631
0.01 0.07 .948 -0.01 0.07 .924 -0.06 0.08 .413
0.06 0.06 .337
Note. FtFHos = Face-to-Face with the host-country network; FBHos = Facebook with the host-country network; FBHom = Facebook with the home-country network; HS = Homesickness; Adj = Sociocultural adjustment; Stay = length of stay. All variables were standardized within waves. Since equality constraints were imposed: for the autoregressive paths, only the values between T1 to T2 are shown; for the causal paths, only the values between T1 to T2 (cross-lagged models), and the values within T2 (non-lagged models) are shown; for the covariances, only the values within T2 are shown.
SNS, Homesickness, and Adjustment 73
