Page 122 - It' about time: Studying the Encoding of Duration
P. 122

                                Broadening the scope of the duration channel model Until recently, the number of studies on the duration channel model was limited. In most cases, studies focused on providing additional evidence for the role of duration-tuned mechanisms in duration encoding (i.e. DAE, duration specificity in learning, duration-tuned neural responses). Some other studies have also focused on identifying key properties of the duration channels such as feature specificity (Li, Yuan, & Huang, 2015), modality specificity (Heron et al., 2012, 2013), processing locus and hierarchy (Fulcher, McGraw, Roach, Whitaker, & Heron, 2016; Heron, Fulcher, Collins, Whitaker, & Roach, 2019; Li, Yuan, Chen, Liu, & Huang, 2015; Chapter 2), and sub- vs. supra-second duration processing (Shima et al., 2016). Having said this, there is a wide range of topics that are typically considered in the timing literature (see for reviews: Allman, Teki, Griffiths, & Meck, 2014; Eagleman, 2008; Grondin, 2010) that have not been discussed in terms of its relation to the duration channel model. For example, it is unclear what exact role duration-tuned mechanisms play in the overall production of timing behavior. While the duration channel model focusses mainly on the encoding of duration, there is no consensus as to whether duration-tuned mechanisms also play a role in the maintenance of duration information, comparisons between durations, or the production of duration or other timed behavior. In addition, it is unclear whether duration channels underlie the encoding and processing of different types of duration judgements such as prospective vs. retrospective duration judgements or implicit vs. explicit duration judgements. In addition, there is a wide range of temporal illusions described in the literature that cannot readily be explained by the duration channel model in its current form. Examples of this include duration compressions resulting from eye-movements (Morrone, Ross, & Burr, 2005), effects of repetition and 6 predictability on perceived duration (Pariyadath & Eagleman, 2007; Tse et al., 2004; Ulrich et al., 2006), duration compression following adaptation to visual features (Johnston et al., 2006; Zhou et al., 2014), the impact of temporal context on timing behavior (Jazayeri & Shadlen, 2010; Roach et al., 2017), and interactions between duration and other magnitudes (Xuan et al., 2007). These limits in the scope of the duration channel model raise questions about the applicability of the duration channel model to timing behavior in a broader context. As with any new model, an important next step will be to evaluate the model in light of the existing literature to fully understand the role of duration- General discussion   121 


































































































   120   121   122   123   124