Page 260 - Second language development of newly arrived migrant kindergarteners - Frederike Groothoff

260 Appendix 3 The ten dimensions from the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS; Pianta, La Paro, & Hamre, 2008). (1) Positive Climate; is about the relations between the teacher and pupils and among pupils. It reflects enthusiasm, affection, and respect (2) Negative Climate; is the degree in which there are displays of anger, aggression and/ or harshness in the classroom done by the teacher or the pupils (3) Teacher Sensitivity; is the extent to which teachers are aware of and anticipate on problems and provide comfort, reassurance, and encouragement (4) Regard for Student Perspectives; reflects the extent to which classroom activities are rigidly structured and whether pupils can show initiative, leadership or responsibility (5) Behavior Management; is about the teacher’s capacity to use effective methods to prevent and redirect pupils’ misbehavior by formulating clear expectations and rules (6) Productivity; is the extent to which pupils’ time is well-managed so that they have the chance to be constantly involved in learning activities (7) Instructional Learning Formats; focuses on what a teacher does to maximize pupils’ attention, interest, and active engagement in classroom activities (8) Concept Development considers the strategies teachers must promote pupils’ higher order thinking skills and creativity (9) Quality of Feedback; concerns the quality of verbal encouragements provided to pupils about their work, comments, and ideas (10) Language Modeling; is about the amount of sustained conversations and open questions in the classroom and how rich the language the teacher uses is