Page 186 - Second language development of newly arrived migrant kindergarteners - Frederike Groothoff
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186 Chapter 8   55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 Growth NDW Within 80% - Within 80% + Between 80% - Between 80% +                Age in Months Figure 8.7: Graphical Representation of the General Development Model of NDW (162 cases) with 80% Reliability. Figure 8.7 shows that of the effect of Age on NDW score is significant. With a constant variance within and between variance we cannot say that there are differences in the precision of our estimates between older and younger pupils, nor can we say that the variance between older pupils is different from that between younger pupils. A likelihood ratio test showed that the main effect of Language Activities did not contribute significantly to the fit of the model to the observed data (NDWVI). However, the interaction between Age and Language Activities (ΔΧ2 (NDWVII) = 4.90; df = 1; p = .03; see Table 8.10) did improve the fit of the model significantly. Table 8.10: Fit of Different Polynomials (-2LL) for Changes in NDW score (162 cases) with the Addition of Language Activities (LanAct) as Explanatory Variable. Comparison -2LL Models ΔΧ2 Δdf p 0.24 1 .62ns 4.90 1 .03      Model NDWII: β0ijcons + β1Age1ij       1242.85             NDWVI: NDWII + β2LanActij NDWVII: NDWVI + β3Age*LanActij 1242.60 NDWII vs NDWVI 1237.71 NDWVI vs NDWVII  There was an interaction effect of percentages of time spent in Language Activities, although the fixed main effect of Language Activities was not significant. The significant interaction effect between Age and Language Activities means that the relation between 51 54 57 60 63 66 69 72 75 78 81 84 87 90 93 96 99 102 Number of Different Words 


































































































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