Page 49 - DISINVESTMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF VISION SCREENING TESTS BASED ON THEIR EFFECTIVENESS

Inventory of current EU paediatric vision and hearing screening programmes
APPENDIX B
Glossary:
aABR: automated Auditory Brainstem Response; detects responses in the brainstem after offering clicks of 35 or 40 dB via headphones.
Amblyopia (lazy eye): reduced vision, usually in one eye caused by abnormal visual experience in early childhood e.g. strabismus and refractive error.
Bruckner test: A direct ophthalmoscope is used in a darkened room and the red reflex in both eyes is assessed simultaneously at 0.6 to 0.9 metres. The colour and brightness of the red reflexes are compared. The colour is often more orange than red. The test is easy and quick to perform and can reliably detect media opacities. Strabismus and refractive error can also be detected, but with a lower sensitivity. Refractive error can give a yellow-white edge to a red reflex.
Hirschberg test: corneal light reflex test. The corneal light reflex test is performed to assess ocular alignment. The test is performed by shining a light into the child eyes from a distance and observing the reflections on the cornea with respect to the pupil. The location of the light reflexes should be symmetric.
OAE: Otoacoustic emissions; sounds produced by inner ear hair cells if the hearing threshold is better than 35 dB and picked up by a microphone in the ear canal.
47
2